ADDENDA ET ERRATA II
Families of the Domesday Book, 5 vols.
by Charles Graves
2017
Families of the Domesday Book, 5 vols.
by Charles Graves
2017
ADDENDA
The Boldon Book; Origins of Names, by Charles Graves,
87 pp., 2017. This book is available in brochure form from IVER publications, c.p. 32, 1246 CORSIER, Switzerland. Some information about it as ADDENDA follows:
INTRODUCTION
This book was commissioned by the Bishop of Durham who had been named ruler of Durham and Northumbria by William I ‘Conqueror’. The date is the second half of the 12th century. The 127 names of owners or occupants of properties are not easy to situate in history, our only resources being Lincolnshire, Yorkshire and Lancashire Domesday Books (1086), the Lindsey Survey (circa. 1115-1120) and certain Victoria County Histories. We also have available the Durham University Library which holds thousands of co. Durham and Northumbria documents dating from the early 12th century. These are easy accessible on the University Library website. These are grouped together under various data bases such as about donors to the Durham, Finchale and other priories under Durham; probate and juridical documents; and seals. Even Scottish religious houses and villages are included because these also were under the Durham administration and there are many ecclesiastical documents related to the York archbishopric and the Vatican. I have also at hand my five volume Families of the Domesday Book (Iver Publications 2014) which provides a background - up to circa. 1300 - to the families in Boldon Book.
The leading Domesday Book families which appear to have been important in the early history of co. Durham, its Bishop-magnate and its religious life were: Neville of Raby, Northumbrian Earls (later Lumley family); de Percy of Durham and Northumbria, Mowbray, d’Estouteville, Blount, Russell, Boscelin de Dives, de St. Paul, Bacquepuiz, Malebisse, Musters, Conyers etc. Apart from these, several of the descendants of Lincolnshire vassals of Norman origin (many brought to England by William Malet from lower Normandy time of King Edward the Confessor (T.R.E.)) also were moved first to Yorkshire by 1086 and later under the Bishop of Durham and other Norman lords in Durham or Northumberland. The family of Ulviet and his children have been researched in this context as well as several other Lincolnshire families who profited from the new Norman rule and found their future in the north. This material is quite complete for 1086 (Lincolnshire Domesday Book) but not for the years c. 1115-1120 where the source is the Lindsey Survey which includes only the wapentakes in Lindsey and not those in s.e. Lincolnshire called Kesteven. But the children and grandchildren of Domesday Book holders in Lincs. were often shown in the Lindsey Survey and some of these later found themselves in co. Durham or Northumbria. However, those who were landholders in Lincolnshire at the time of Domesday Book (1086) could hardly have lived long enough to find themselves owners of properties in co. Durham or further north in circa. 1150.
Some of these T.R.E. Normans in Lincs. took names other than their original names, such being the case of the Malebisse family descended from Odo the crossbowman / ‘arblaster’ in the 1086 document. It appears that perhaps the Conyers family of Sedgefield co Durham was called by a much shorter name in Kesteven at Domesday Book time.
Moreover, this research on families of Boldon Book revealed discrepancies in my Families of the Domesday Book e.g. with the family of Boscelin de Dives.
The work accomplished has not been able to use the apparently significant amount of genealogical materials for co. Durham which were not found in the University website. Thus I call this book ‘hypotheses’ and I shall submit my findings to the Durham University authorities for this comments and modifications. For the assistance of that institution, especially to Mr. R. Harkness, providing the link to their holdings, I am very grateful.
The order of the entries in Boldon Book begins with places in the north of co. Durham, in particular with those near Boldon. It proceeds southwards along the coast of the North Sea to villages in the center and then to Bishop’s Auckland and south to Darlington, passing by Sedgefield. After Norton and Stockton in the south it returns northwards to the Wear Valley e.g. Wolsingham and Stanhope, and proceeds on northwards to Lanchester and the area near Gateshead. Finally, a few villages in Northumbria are touched. In all there are circa. 127 names of proprietors.
We shall include a few genealogical charts to give background to the families concerned.
It may be that some of my hypotheses are unfounded and extant genealogies may contradict them. But, on the other hand I may have some insights which solve long-standing uncertainly about Boldon Book persons. In any case there could be several annexes of ERRATA and ADDENDA as later supplements.
Families included in Families of the Domesday Book who were holding in various co. Durham villages circa. 1180 AD are as follows:
de Bacquepuiz at Boldon, Monkton (cf. FDB III, p. 492)
de Dives at Cleadon, Whitbourn (cf. FDB III, p. 57)
Ketel at Cleadon and Whitbourbe (FDB IV, p. 238)
de Cauci, Chauz (Caux) at Old Burdon, Stockton and Preston (FDB I, p. 5; II, p 596)
de Cambrais at Stockton on Tees (FDB IV p. 237)
Bardolf at N. Sherbourne (FDB II p. 507; 516)
de Caen at Cassop (II, p. 581)
de Ferrières at S. Sherbourne, Stanhope (FDB, I, p. 383)
Conyers at Aldacres (FDB, V)
Earls of Northumbria at Preston, Great Haughton, Butterwick, Whessoe, Quilnerby, Stanhope (FDB II, p. 176)
de Percy at Norton, Escombe (FDB III p. 313)
de Bulmer at Norton (FDB II, p. 16 (Neville))
de Monceaux at Hertbourne (FDB IV p. 329)
de Bolbec at Hartbourne and Preston (FDB I, p. 487)
Fitzherbert at Darlington (FDB IV p. 261)
de Neville at Darlington and Gt. Haughton (FDB II, p. 166)
Roscelin at Darlington (FDB III, p. 331)
Painel at Blackwell (FDB II, p. 234)
d’Arcy at Blackwell, Wolsingham and Stanhope (FDB III, p. 548)
Blount at Blackwell and Stanhope (FDB I, p. 154)
de Cioches at Gt. Haughton (FDB II, p. 603)
de St. Medard at Middridge, N. Auckland (FDB III, p. 118)
de Bayeux at N. Auckland (FDB, V)
Brimou /Envermou at West Auckland (FDB III, p. 512)
Maulovel at Wolsingham (FDB V)
de Dol at Wolsingham (FDB IV, p. 343)
Macherel at Wolsingham (FDB, V)
de Brus at Wolsingham, Bedlington (Northumbria) (FDB II, p. 548)
de Gand at Wolsingham (FDB I, p. 478)
*Ulviet at Stanhope (FDB IV p. 426)
de Rennes at Wolsingham (FDB IV, p. 371)
Tourney sur Dives (Tourniant) at Wolsingham (FDB IV, p. 414)
Russel at Stanhope (FDB III, p. 331) (cf. Roscelin at Darlington)
Montpinçon at Stanhope (FDB III, p. 265)
Merley at Stanhope (FDB IV, p. 53)
de Briquessard at Stanhope (FDB II, p. 576)
Gamel son of Osbern sheriff, at Stanhope (FDB IV, p. 276)
de Thoeni at Stanhope (FDB II p. 397)
Pesche at Stanhope FDB II, p. 206)
de Rullos at Norham (Northumbria) (FDB III, p. 348)
d’Estouteville at Norham (Northumbria) (FDB I, p 374)
Ridel at Norham (Northumbria) (FDB III, p. 340)
Families noted in Boldon Book which are not necessarily noted in FDB:
Son of Walbert at Darlington
Halden the priest at W. Auckland
Alan Bruntoft (Alan son of Landry) at Stanhope
Helgot (Robert Hugate & Guy) at Bedlington (Northumbria)
*Ulviet’s family is described here in full:
Richard son of Turkil; Gamel son of Godric at Stanhope
These are descendants of the large family of Ulviet who was in England, as a Norman, before the Conquest, probably brought by William Malet at the time of Edward the Confessor (T.R.E.). The origin could be Turretot (cf. name Turuert) in Seine-Maritime, near Bec.
Ulviet and his wife
Some of Ulviet’s holdings went to the Audley family (cf. Staffs. V.C.H., vol. IV). Ulviet had held of Robert de Stafford in Staffs. at Maer, Madelie, Abbey Hulton in Berslen. Ulviet held in Lincs. Domesday Book along with Thurold and Godric on king’s lands at Drayton in Kirton. With his wife Ulviet held at Newton near Folkingham under the bishop of Durham. In Dorset Ulviet held king’s land as ‘king’s thegn’ (listed just before Turchil his son). In Hants. Domesday Book he is called Ulviet the huntsman in Sirlei hundred. He held a hide at Wimbourne. In Worcs. Domesday Book era he held two places under Odo of Winchester and other of the king’s thegns, Turchil and Godric (his grandsons) were also there in the same category of thegns.
The Introduction to Lincoln Record Society vol. 19 The Lincolnshire Domesday and the Lindsey Survey (LDLS) ed. By C.W. Foster and T. Longley 1924 , xc + 315 pp. presents the following on Ulviet: this king’s thegn holds parts of two churches at Threckingham which were taken after the Conquest by the bishop of Durham and Odo ‘arblaster’. LDLS considers that the same Ulviet held at Domesday Book time 3 ½ bovates at Newton (Aveland wapentake) which belonged T.R.E. to Uluric Wild. In the West Riding of Lincs. at Lawress wapentake Uluuiet (Ulviet) holds Thorpe in the Fallows and Aisthorpe. The wife of Ulviet is also noted at Aveland wapentake at Newton near Falkington (cf. above) where Uluric Wild held T.R.E. seven bovates. Now the bishop of Durham has 1/2 of it and Ulviet and his wife the other half, of the king. This land was Ulviet’s wife’s mother’s. Ulviet’s part is worth 25 shillings. The mother of Ulviet himself was called Ulflet, noted in the wapentake of Ness (s. of Aveland wap. on the border of Northants.) and Rutland. It is noted that ‘the wapentake of Ness and the whole Riding have borne witness that ‘the land of Ulviet and his mother Ulflet did not belong to Ernebern his sister’s son and that Erneber only had it in wardship until Ulviet could hold land, i.e., in Uffington, Casewick, and East Deeping’
Moreover probably the same Ulviet was holding land under Roger Marmion at Lindsey Survey time (circa. 1115-20) in Horncastle wapentake at Scrivelsby, Thornton by Horncastle, Roughton, Dalderby, Wilksby and Coningsby, and Haltham on Bain, a total of nine carucates and six bovates (almost 1200 acres) in which Ulviet had three carucates and four bovates (over 500 acres) Thorald and Alsi (Ulsi?) held two carucates. Other documents concern ‘Ulviet, Olviet, or Uluret’ in Lincs.Domesday Book.
An Ulued is noted as father of Turuert (spelled ‘Toruet, Turued, Turuer, Turuerd, Turuert’ in Lincs. documents) at Barkston (Threo wapentake) under the king. where Turued, son of Vlued, held T.R.E:. Otherwise in Lincs. Olviet held under Alfred of Lincoln (originally from Dorset – cf- FDB, Vol. I, pp. 5-9) at Tallington in Ness wapentake 6 ½ carucates worth 4 £. He also held at Casewick (Ness) 6 bovates. Under Waldin the Breton at Haceby (Aveland wapentake) Ulviet held 11 bovates, at Silk Willoughby (Aswardhurn wapentake) 15 bovates and at Stixwould (Gartree wapentake) a carucate. He also held under Robert of Stafford at Haconby (Aveland wapentake) a carucate of land (cf. Robert’s holdings in Staffs. above where Ulviet also held). It is also stated that ‘touching Uluric Wilde’s land in Walcot hundred (Aveland wapentake) ½, they say, belonged to the bishop of Durham and ½ to a man called Uluiet who has it of the king’s alms.’
There is also notes on an Ulviet, the priest, in Lincs.D.B. He ‘gainsays what Tochi and Outi said about 30 messuages in the city of Lincoln had said upon oath. This is related to Bishop Remigus of Lincoln. But elsewhere this person is termed as Unlof, indicating there was a confusion between Unlof a priest and Ulviet. An Unlof had held land at Cabourne in Haverstow wapentake under Ivo de Taillebois( (far from Ulviet’s holdings¨).
Thus, as seen above, one of the sons of Ulviet was Turuert, holding as we shall see, a multitude of lands in Lincs. T.R.E. (over 7000 acres!). Ulviuet is shown elsewhere in Domesday Book time: he is probably the Wulwi, hunter, listed together with (his son) Chetel the hunter in Surrey at ’Lodesorde’ and Littleton. In Devon an Olwi held at Welcome and an Oliver held Marwood in Bramton under Tetbald son of Berner. Does this mean that Ulviet’s ‘Norman French’ name was Oliver?
Finally, Ulviet was listed in Yorks. Domesday Book as follows: under the king (as Olivet along with Archil, Turchil, Erneber, Hundenc, Alsi, Tor (Turuert?); Chetel. Under the Count of Mortain were listed: Guneware (Ernebern); under Ilbert de Lacy were listed Godric, Hundil (Hundenc ?), Ulsi, Alsi, Tor (Turuert?). Gerneber; under Robert Malet: Tored (Turuert?); under Osbern des Arches: Archil son of Ulstan; Ulstan the priest
An item under the bishop of Durham in Lincs. D.B. shows the close relation of Ulviet’s family with the new Durham bishopric (3 /15). At Newton near Folkingham (Aveland wapentake) there were 5 bovates and a sixth part of two bovates of land assessed to the geld. There are one sokeman and 3 villeins there having half a team. The bishop of Durham has a twelfth part of one church of St. Peter there, and a sixth part of one church of St. Mary. In the same hundred and in this same vill a certain Uliet has of the king’s alms as many parts of land and of the churches and of the teams and of the men as it is said above the bishop has, for they divide Neuton and what belongs thereto in halves.”
Proposed genealogy of Ulviet’s family:
Ulflet= Ulstan (priest?)
Ulflet is the mother of Ulviet; Ulstan is the father(?)
in Lincolnshire T.R.E. and later
sister Ulviet = wife
Hundenc Ernebern Turuert Chetel
(Oudon) (Gunebern)
Godric Turchel
Gamel Richard
at Stanhope, co. Durham
Turuert
He is noted as king’s ‘thane’ and as brother of Chetel (they held 3 ½ carucates together at Covenham (Ludborough wapentake). The list of those who ‘held sake and soke and toll and team in Lincolnshire (LDLS, p. 13) includes Godric son of Toruert. Other documents in Lincs. Domesday Book referring to Turvert, Toruet, Turuer, Turuerd, Turuet were as follows (a carucate may be as much as 120 acres, whereas a bovate would be 15 acres). In all, Turuert held 58.5 carucates and 58 bovates in Lincs. making a total of 7830 acres – a huge amount considering that he was not a nobleman. But the word in the text is ‘had’ - meaning that these holdings were already transferred by 1086.
He had held under the bishop of Durham at Evedon (Ashburnham wap.) 2 ½ carucates. He had held under the bishop of Bayeux, Odo at Audleby (Yarborough wap.). With two others they had held 10 bovates. Also under the bishop of Bayeux he had held at North Thorsby (Haverstowe wap.) 5 carucates and 3 ½ bovates, at Claypole (Loveden wap.) he had held 3 carucates, at Casthorpoe (Winnibrigge wap.) 1 ½ carucates, and at Stapleford (Graffoe wap.) he had held 2 carucatesa, all under Odo, bishop of Bayeux.
Listed under Count Alan of Richmond Turvert had held a carucate at Foston (Loveden wap.); at Bloxham (Flaxwell wap.) he held nine carucates under Roger of Poitou (de Montgomery); Under William de Percy he held at Covenham (Ludborough wapentake). Was noted: “Alsi and Chetel and Turuer had 3 ½ carucates. Chetel and Turuer were brothers, and after their father’s death they divided the land, in such wise however that when Chetel was doing the king’s service he should have his brother’s land. William (Perci) has Chetel’s land (and Alsi’s) from the king, but the same William bought Turuer’s land from Anschetil the late cook, in the time of King William”. Note: This Chetel is probably the one associated with Roger de Poitou in Craven, Yorks. at Domesday Book time.
Listed under Alfred of Lincoln Turuert had held 1 1/2 carucates of land at Kirkby Underwood (Aveland wap.); Under Rainer de Brimou at Great Limber (Yarborough wap.) Turuer had 2 carucates. Under Godfrey of Cambrai at Thistleton (Alstoe wapentake, Co. Rutland) Turuert had held 1 ½ carucates. Under Osbert the priest, Turuert had held 10 bovates of land at Faldingworth and in Marston (Loveden wap.) Turuert “and another Turuert” had held 6 carucates. Under Ansgot at Muckton (Louthesk wap) Turuerd had held 12 bovates. Under Countess Judith of Lens (wife of Waltheof) Turvet held 10 carucates at Little Ponton in Winnibrig wap., With Grimbert he had held a carucate and 6 bovates at Ganthorpe in Great Ponton and North Stoke (also Winnibrigg).
Listed under Robert of Stafford at Rauceby (Flaxwell wap.) Turuert had held 3 1/2 bovates and 9 carucates. Regarding the lands of Robert Malet most is in Winnibrigge, Aswardhurn and Threo wapontakes (all in Kesteven part of Lincs.) but none of the Malet land had been held by Turuert.
Listed under Heppo the arblaster Turuert had held a carucate in Hanthorpe (Aveland wapentake. Under William Tailgebosch (Taillebois) at West Ashby in Horncastle wapentake, Turuert had held 3 bovates and in Alford (Calcewath wap.) Turuerd had had 4 bovates. There were disputed lands in Loveden wapentake; “The bishop of Durham claims two bovates of land of Turuert’s in Marston, and touching this, they say that T.R.E. Norman gave the said Turuerd 3 marks of gold for the said land; and after the same king’s death he gave him a fourth mark”.
On king’s land in 1086 (Domesday Book) Turued son of Vlued (Ulviet) had held 2 mills in Barkston (Threo wapentake). Concerning those who had ‘Sake and Soke, Toll and Team’ in Lincolnshire (cf. LDLS, p. 13) is listed Godric (son of Toruert).
It appears, thus, that although Turuert was certainly favoured in pre-Conquest days (perhaps as a part of the Normans who came with William Malet T.R,E. to settle in England) he had lost everything (or had died) by 1086. Chetel his brother had apparently also lost all his Lincolnshire holdings by 1086 as well.
Chetel
Chetel and his brother Turuert had held together with Ulsi the 3 ½ carucates at Covenham (Ludborough wapentake) as listed under William de Percy and as shown above (with quotation about them - Lincs. Domesday Book). Chetel also had held, listed under the bishop of Bayeux, at Ingleby (Lawress wap.) and under Colsuain at Brattleby (Lawress). Chetel had held under Norman d’Arcy at Claxby by Normaqnby (Walschcroft wap.) and Cawkwell. Listed under Guy of Craon Chetel had 7 bovates of land together with Sbern at Normanby in Burton on Stather and Santon (Manley wap.) He also had held a carucate at Yaddlethorpe (Manley). In Kirton wapentake “the men of Holland (an area in the ‘Wash’ region of Linconshire) bear witness that the soke of Ketel’s church of Long Sutton lies in the king’s manor of Tydd St. Mary.”
Chetel held in other counties, in many cases with other members of his family. In Dorset Domesday Book he is listed as a king’s thegn together with his father Ulviet, and his nephews Turchil and Godric. He also held in Gloucestershire at two places, and in Surrey he is called Chetel huntsman who held with Wulwi, hunter (probably his father Ulviet). We presume that these are all the same person, who is favoured by King William I as one of his huntsmen, remembering, however, that by 1086 he has lost his lands in Lincolnshire to Norman nobles.
A Chetel held of the king in Buckinghamshire and in Warwicks he held together with Turchil (probably his nephew) under William Fitzcorbucion. In Bedfordshire a Chetel he held a ‘hide’ in Willey hundred under Nigel d’Aubigny. Finally, in Derbyshire he held under Hugh de Ferrières at Ironbrook and Shirley (along with his father Ulviet) and Mugginton.
Erneber / Gerneber and his brother Hundenc (Oudon)
As listed in LDLS Erneber had had 2 carucates at Uffington (Ness wapentake) In 1086 Robert de Todeny (de Tosny) held it. Erneber also had held 2 carucates under Robert at West Graby in Aslackby (Aveland wap.) and 10 bovates at Scottlethorpe (Beltisloe wap.) He had held 6 carucates at the same Aslackby which Gilbert de Gand (Ghent) holds and 2 ½ carucates there which Gunfrid (‘man of Robert de Todeny’) holds. Here we can see an important old landowner of T.R.E. period being stripped of his lands after 1066 (similar to what happened to his uncle and cousins (see Ulviet, Turuert, Chetel above). Under listing of Alfred of Lincoln Erneber had held 7 carucates temps T.R.E.. It was worth 7 pounds, in 1086 it was worth 11 pounds (this was very valuable land at Uffington next to Stamford on the Northants. - Rutland - Lincolnshire border).
At East Deeping (Ness) Erneber, Elener and Fredgist had held 3 carucates and 6 bovates which in 1086 was held by Geoffrey de Cambrais. In Pointon (Aveland wap) Erneber had held 2 bovates which were held in 1086 by Gunfrid de Cioches. Regarding ‘Disputes in Kesteven, wapentake of Ness’ “the wapentake of Ness and the whole Riding have borne witness that the land of Ulviet and his mother Ulflet did not belong to Erneber his sister’s son and that Erneber only had it in wardship until Ulviet could hold land, i.e. in Uffingtion 7 carucates; Tallington 6 ½ carucates, Carewick 6 bovates and in East Deeping 4 bovates. (This adds up to over 600 acres).
Also in Kesteven, “they say that Gerneber (Erneber) had 13 acres of woodland and arable land in Irnham and that it belongs to Aslackby, which Robert de Todeny has. Moreover (also in Aveland wap.) they say that Offran’s land in Kirkby Underwood was not in Erneber’s soke”. Thus it appears that Erneber’s land as a whole did not pass on to descendants.
But in other Domesday Book records, Erneber was holding in the East Riding, Yorks. on land of the king and a Hundinc is listed just after him. A Gerneber was listed holding in Yorks. under Ilbert de Lacy. In Derbyshire Domesday Book, Gunebern was listed as holding under William Peverel along with Hundenc, and the location was William Peverel’s castle in Pechefers (Peak Forest). We have noted elsewhere (Cf., FDB, vol. III, pp. 64-69) that Hundenc (later called ‘Hugh’) was ancestor of the ‘l’Estrange family. Gunebern was called ‘Guy’.
Concerning this Hundenc we find an Oudon / Ouden holding land in Lincs (cf. LDLS op. cit. p. xiii) at Hainton a carucate and a bovate (under Roger de Poitou (de Montgomery)) in Wraggoe wapentake) , noted as 9 bovates in another place. Also in the Disputes section of Lincs. D.B. in Langoe wapentake, “touching Earl Hugh’s claim (about Navenby in Langoe wap.) they say that Houden used to have the land T.R.E.”
Perhaps William I Peverel knew the brothers Gunebern and Hundenc (and employed them at his castle in the peak) at his residence at Desborough, Northants only 20 miles from the brothers residence near Stamford on the Northants. border.
Godric
Although the name may also be used by others such as Godric de Rossa in Norfolk, or Godruc Poinc in Essex, the Godric of this article is the one known as Godric son of Toruert (cf. LDLS, p. 13) where he is named one of “those who had sack and soke and toll and team in Lincolnshire” (with 35 others in T.R.E.).
In 1086 Godric held (2 villeins and a border ploughing with 2 oxen and 4 acres of meadow and 60 acres of underwood). in Lincolnshire as ‘the count’s man’ at Kirkby Underwood (Aveland wapentake) where Ulviet his grandfather had held 1 ½ carucates This refers to Count Alan of Richmond. Godric and Toruert (his father) held under the same lords (e.g. Roger de Poitou, William de Percy and Ansgot) but at different places. In these cases it is shown that Godric had held before 1086. Under Ansgot, Godric had held at Burwell (2 carucates) whereas his father Turuert held at Muckden two miles distant from his son.
In Yorks. Domesday Book a Godric the steward was listed as holding under Count Alan of Richmond thus appearing to link ‘Godric son of Toruert’ and ‘Godric the steward’. In Norfolk Godric ‘the steward’ was holding under Earl Ralph the Staller (Ralf de Gael)(see article in FDB, vol. III pp 324-26) where Earl Ralf’s lands were held by Godric ‘in the king’s hand’. Also Godric held some land under Aluric Wanz. Listed under Count Alan in Norfolk Domesday Book, Robert Malet held ‘Brodestuna’ but ‘Count Alan took it’. At Butby William Malet held it when he died but Earl Ralph the Staller had it. We see here Godric the steward’s close association with the Malets (Normans who held in the Eastern counties T.R.E.).Godric steward held both in Blything and in Wyynford counties in Norfolk.
In Kent a Godric of Burnes (Bourne, Lincs. – held by Count Alan) had a house in Dover (this is not the same as Godric son of Carl or Godric ‘latinarius’). In Leicester Domesday Book, Godric held in Gartree huindred under Henry de Ferrières and a Godric held under Earl Hugh of Chester and the king. Godric held in Northants at Cranford under St. Peter’s cathedral at Peterborough. But these are not necessarily Godric son of Turuert. In Warwicks. Godric held together with Alvric under Robert of Stafford at Shattesewell (this probably refers to Godric son of Turuert). We shall discuss Alvric below – whether he be another brother of Godric besides Turchil. Both Turchil his brother and Chetel his uncle were holding in Warwicks. under William Fitzcorbucion (Corbet). In Wiltshire both Turchil and Godric were holding – Godric under Ernulf de Hesdin at Hard Hartham in Longsham and Choldenham. Turchil held under Edward of Salisbury.
Thus, of all the members of Ulviet’s family, besides the progenitor (Ulviet) and his son Turuer (who had an immense property in Lincs. T.R.E.) Godric was propably the most famous, being perhaps the dapifer of Count Alan . In Norfolk this Godric was steward mentioned at Saxlingham, ‘keeping it in the king’s hand’ but the land did not pay rent to Godric. This shows the confidence which the king placed in this Godric. At Thurtonn in Loddon hundred in Norfolk, Godric the sewer held 6 sokemen under St. Ethelred monastery.
A document related to the bishop of Durham (William) at Lincs. Domesday Book notes (3 /55) that Godric and two brothers had held in Biscopthorpe (Wraggoe wapentake). the brother other than Turchil could have been Alsi / Ulsi or Alvric but nowhere is it said thus. Besides, in William de Percy holdings in Lincs. D.B. (26 /45) concerning Swaton (Aveland wapentake) it is said that the three brothers Alfric, Alsi and Adestan held. Moreover under Disputes in Lincolnshire Domesday Book time (69 / 21-2) there were three brothers involved: Harold, Godvert and Alfric and the sons of this Godevert are mentioned just after (69 / 22). Hence we do not know the other brother of Godric and Turchil. However, there is a possibility that Turuer their father had another son called Turuer (note in article on Turuer above the ‘other Turuer’).
Turchil
Turchil is noted in LDB 67 /12 as a ‘thane’ holding 6 bovates at Somerby in Threo wapentake from the king. It was held T.R.E. by Ulsi. Also in Lincs. he had held under the archbishop of York at Billingborough (Aveland wap.) 5 bovates of land, taken by Walter d’Aincourt. He also held T.R.E. at Horbling (Aveland) 4 carucates (almost 500 acres) which Walter took. As listed under Count Alan of Richmond at Quadring (Kirton in Holland wapentake) Turchil had a carucate, but it was taken by Guert, the ‘Count’s man’. Under Colsuain Turchil is listed as having held a carucate at Heckington (Aswardhurn wap.) with Algar but it was taken on or before 1086 by Colsuain’s man Conded. Turchil had held at Newton by Folkingham (Aveland wap.) 10 bovates but it was taken by Colsuain’s man Ralph.
As listed under Alfred of Lincoln a Torchetil had held ½ carucate in Rothwell (Haverstow wap.) and at Creeton in Beltislow wap. Turchil had 6 bovates but it was taken by ‘Alfreds’s man’ Ralph. At Bourne (Aveland) he had 6 bovates, taken by Dodin, ‘Alfred’s man’ and in Rippingale (Aveland) his 15 bovates were also taken by Dodin. In Aswardhurn Turchil’s land, under Earl Morcar, was claimed by Colsuain.
But that Turchil was of the family of Ulviet, Turuert and Chetel can be seen in Dorset Domesday Book. Moreover most of Turchil’s holdings had been in Lincs. in wapentakes where resided other members of this family, namely Aveland, Aswardhurn, and Threo.
A Thorkill is noted in Hertfordshire Domesday Book under the daughter of Ralph de Taillebois and in Hunts. Domesday Book under Eustace the sheriff. He is noted under Fitzcorbucion in Warwicks together with Chetel (his uncle) and in Wilts. under Edward of Salisbury, noted just before Godric (his brother) holding under Ernulf de Hesdin. Turchil held under the same Ernulf de Hesdin at Hardenhush.
Perhaps Turchil recuperated some of what he lost in Lincs. by the generosity of the king and other Normans in Yorks. as seen in its Domesday Book. He is listed first among those who held carucates of the king. He also held under the archbishop of York together with his brother Godric. He also held in Yorks. Domesaday Book time, under the Count of Mortain (half-brother of the king) in the East Riding.
Turchil should not be confused with the great Turchil of Arden (cf. FDB, vol. I p. 10-19) of an ancient Anglian family - who still held considerable land after the Conquest.
The favour given to Ulviet’s family by the Norman king William I is quite understandable. These are ‘thegns’ of the king, i.e. loyal followers who apparently supported the Conquest, probably because they were Normans themselves, residing in England since T.R.E. William Malet had brought them from Normandy because Edward the Confessor’s wife was a Norman and she encouraged this. From early days after the Conquest they were well known in Lincolnshire by the new bishops of Durham created by William I. (cf. above the joint holdings of the bishop with Ulviet and his wife).
Gamel son of Godric at Stanhope
This is probably the son of Godric son of Turuert shown above. Gamel is living in Stanhope after 1150 so probably he is not shown in Domesday Book records (1086). He is not shown in the Lindsey Survey record. But in Stanhope he is living alongside a Richard son of Turchil (Godric’s brother was Turchil) and a Tor (Toruert?) both names of Ulviet’s descendants. He is not the same as the Gamel son of Arkil noted above since he is Godric’s son. There are several Gamel shown living in south co. Durham circa 1150-1230 and they should not be confused.
Later a Gamel ‘Gouk’ (Godric?) is listed as holding a croft in Howden (probably Howden on the Wear near Bishop’s Auckland) he is also called Gamel of Howden. He is listed in a document together with William of Thorpe. A Richard, son of Gamel of Thorpe is shown in a document mid 13 the century.
We must not confuse the family of Arkil – Aelsi – Gamel – Ralph (see above) with these.
Richard son of Turchil at Stanhope
This is no doubt the cousin of Gamel, i.e. the son of Gamel’s uncle Turchil. A reference to him occurs as witness to the gift of the bishop of Durham of a house in Stanhope given to Richard of Ifferley (see below) where this witness is called Richard son of Turchel.
Finally, to complete about this family we note Turbert holding in 1066 at Ashton Under Hill, Gloucestershire (cf. FDB IV, p. 420). The following is relevant about him:
Turuert and family is not the same as the Turbert at Ashton Under Hill, Glos. although the name is probably pronounced the same. Transcribers of the Lincoln Domesday Book seemed to have left out the middle ‘b’ replacing it with an ‘u’ (see copy of their index enclosed). Besides, the Turbert in Glos. had a son Alwi / Elwi (mentioned several times in Glos. and Wilts. Domesday Books) On the other hand, although an Alwi is mentioned thrice in Lincs. Domesday Book nowhere is he attached to the 7000 acre holding Turuert of 1066.
But Lincs. D.B. in one item (no. 54/1) under Osbern the priest and Ralph the sewer, is noted that ‘Turuert and another Turuert’ had been holding at Marsden (Loveden wapentake) in 1066[nr1] . This Ralph the sewer (dapifer) seems to be the steward of the Bishop of Bayeux who in 1086 held many villages in Bradley Hundred, Glos. So we begin to believe that this ‘other Turuert’ may be the Turbert who was holding at Ashton-Under-Hill, Glos, in 1066. Besides, in Lincs. D.B. the Lincs. Turuert held under that same bishop in Claypole (Loveden wapentake) 5 miles east of Marsden (where Turuert and another Turuert held’) and an Alwi - probably the son of ‘the other Turuer’, namely the Ashton-under Hill, Glos. one - held under this bishop of Bayeux at three places in Lincs. D.B.
So, it appears that the two Turuerts belong to the same extended family of supporters of King William I, all called king’s thegns in Domesday Book, and inhabiting several counties before 1086, which I outlined on pp. 53-62 of my Boldon Book study (with genealogical graphs).
Trussbut (FDB IV, pp. 147 ff.). to be added -The first Trussbut member recorded is Geoffrey son of Payne in the Lindsey Survey (circa. 1115-1120 AD) of Lincolnshire, whereby he is shown holding in Manley, Corringham, Bradley, Louthesk and Wraggoe wapentakes. In Wraggoe he held 23 carucates and 28 ½ bovates of land, a considerable amount. He is also listed as holding under Earl Richard of Chester (d’Avranches family) who died in the White Ship disaster in 1120. The origin of Geoffrey son of Paine is considered to be the Avranches area of Normandy.
ERRATA
Fitzherfast (FDB I, p. 419) line 11 & 12 should read: “Willelmo” and “Osberno” were the sons of Osbert Fitzherfast (not ‘sons of William Fitzosbern’).
de Dives (FDB III, p. 57-61) beginning with para.1, p. 57 – all material on Gozelin the Breton should be placed not under de Dives but under Gozelin (FDB III, pp. 155-157). The relation between Bozelin de Dives and Gozelin the Breton is not proven.